The position of the hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic presses can be divided into up-mounted and bottom-mounted. The upper-mounted hydraulic cylinder is installed on the fixed plate and acts on the moving plate; the lower-mounted hydraulic cylinder is installed on the moving plate and acts on the fixed plate. The difference between the two lies in the installation location of the hydraulic cylinder.
○ Pressure Calculation
The calculation formula of the upper cylinder pressure is: F=P×A, where F is the pressure of the upper cylinder, P is the pressure of the working fluid, and A is the piston area of the upper cylinder.
The calculation formula of the lower cylinder pressure is: F=P×(A-D), where F is the pressure of the lower cylinder, P is the pressure of the working fluid, A is the piston area of the lower cylinder, and D is the area of the ejection plate, that is, the force on the workpiece area.
○ Application Scenarios
The upper-mounted hydraulic cylinder is suitable for occasions where high pressing accuracy is required and the board size is larger than the area of the hydraulic cylinder. The bottom-mounted hydraulic cylinder is suitable for occasions where the pressure plate area is smaller than the hydraulic cylinder area and the plate needs to be easily turned over.
○ Working Principle
When the upper-mounted hydraulic cylinder is working, the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the pressing surface, thereby generating pressing force. Because the hydraulic cylinder is at the top, its pressing force direction is downward. When the bottom-mounted hydraulic cylinder is working, the direction of the pressing force is upward.
○ Maintenance
Because the upper-mounted hydraulic cylinder is installed on the fixed plate, maintenance is relatively simple, and maintenance operations such as replacing seals are more convenient. The maintenance of the bottom-mounted hydraulic cylinder is more complicated because its installation position is relatively hidden. The maintenance of the hydraulic cylinder requires disassembly of the hydraulic cylinder itself and the moving plate connected to it, which is more troublesome to operate.
To sum up, the upper-mounted hydraulic cylinder is suitable for occasions requiring high pressing accuracy and large plate surfaces. It is simple to install and adjust and easy to maintain. While the bottom-mounted hydraulic cylinder is suitable for hot pressing of small plates and requires easy turning over. But maintenance is complicated and the moving plate needs to be disassembled at the same time as the hydraulic cylinder.
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